The Homelessness Epidemic - 842 Words

From the wise words of Nelson Mandela â€Å"No one is born hating another person, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite.† Discrimination is an on going controversial issue, which can range from status of class, based on gender, color of one’s skin, and almost every group there is possible. Across America, we’re all classified by at least a category, and social class happens to be one of them. The homeless, being the lowest class is often looked down on. According to preliminary figures by the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH), in 2013, homeless Americans experienced a 23% increase in violence compared with the year before. Hate crimes are common among the homeless, especially in Florida according to, Huffington post. Cousins Jose Llano-Xolo, 14, and Juan Xolo-Merlin, 17 was using â€Å"self-defense† when they put a homeless man in a chokehold and stabbed him with a pen. In Seattle of March 15, two off-duty firefighters and a female companion attacked a homeless man sleeping on a memorial. Love, smiles and hope are the positivity I want to be spreading like giving change to the homeless for example, instead of discrimination, which is harsh. Nearly half of families in the US live below 250% of the federal poverty level based on the Hamilton Project . One mistake, even a penny short can lead people into poverty, even a dollar can literally mean a lottery win, because every bit counts, it’s either life or death. Discrimination against women isShow MoreRelatedThe Homelessness Epidemic Of Homelessness1958 Words   |  8 Pages The Homelessness Epidemic According to the National Alliance to End Homelessness, approximately 564,708 people were homeless on a single night in January of 2015 in the United States (â€Å"The State of Homelessness in 2016†). It is estimated that 250,000 people who suffer from Mental Health illnesses are homeless (Torrey). Providing affordable housing, and access to mental health services for the homeless population are essential components to end the homeless epidemic. Homelessness can be definedRead MoreThe Problem Of The Homelessness Epidemic1681 Words   |  7 PagesJacob Setton How to end Homelessness in D.C.? The chasm between the law and, the law as applied in practice is vast. The law provides funding for homeless people, but this often leads to discrimination because it is so difficult to gain access to these funds. Roscoe Pound, one of the most cited legal scholars of the 20th century,   points out how the â€Å"laws on the street† too often   differ from the â€Å"laws on the books† and result in discrimination. Homeless people suffer from government bureaucracyRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Homelessness Essay1053 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ The Epidemic Of Homelessness And The Impact It Has On The United States Jeff Damitz One of the sociologic problems that have always faced society is the presence of homelessness population in a percentage of societies’ citizens. The National Health Care of the Homeless Council (2014) describes the official definition of homeless at â€Å"an individual without permanent housing who may live on the streets; stay in a shelter, mission, single room occupancy facilities, abandoned buildingRead MoreHomelessness Is Becoming An Epidemic1566 Words   |  7 PagesHomelessness in Persons with Persons with Schizophrenia Homelessness is increasingly becoming an epidemic in North America as many cities grabble with this menace. According to the Canadian Observatory on Homelessness, about 35000 Canadians are homeless on a given night, while 235,000 Canadians experience homelessness in a year. According to the Canadian Observatory on Homelessness Homelessness Research Network, â€Å"homelessness is described as the situation of an individual or family without stableRead MoreHomelessness Is An Unfortunate Epidemic3425 Words   |  14 PagesHomelessness is an unfortunate epidemic that has plagued communities across the United States for decades. Although a homeless population has existed in our society throughout history, this social issue came to a head only a few decades ago in the early 1980’s. What defines homelessness varies from source to source, however a concise definition, stated by the McKinney-Vento Act, specifies that a homeless individual is typically one that lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate night time residenceRead MoreHomelessness Is An Ever Growing Epidemic2124 Words   |  9 PagesStringer March 17, 2016 Abstract In the complex society of this day and age, homelessness is an ever growing epidemic; People can become homeless for many reasons: losing a job, addiction to drugs and mental illness. People drive or walk past a homeless person every day without thinking ever about the predicament of that individual or they may even unintentionally turn their heads the other way in repulsion. Homelessness can be defined as an individual or a family whose has a main nighttime dwellingRead MoreHomelessness : An Epidemic Across The United States1066 Words   |  5 PagesHomelessness has become an epidemic across the United States of America over the past 40 years. Despite the fact that most individuals are reminded of this problem on a daily basis when they see those without homes on the street, few solutions have been implemented that would fix the causes of this horrendous issue. Funding for programs that assist the homeless and homeless prevention programs is abysmal, while the costs incurred due to such a large homeless population continue to rise. Over theRead MoreEssay on Homelessness: A National Epidemic1305 Words   |  6 Pagespummeled with rising economic and social problems. Homelessness is one of the major issues that derived centuries ago, and is still in effect today. Being homeless simply means lacking a permanent, stable, and a secure place to lay your head at night. The article,† The Future of homelessness†, mainly discusses how homelessness has been around for many decades, and seems as if it will be around for many more. The author states that â€Å"homelessness is no longer considered as an emergency† (29). MeaningThisRead MoreThe Epidemic of Homelessness in America Essay2375 Words   |  10 Pages Because of the weak economy and high unemployment rates homelessness is on the rise at an alarming rate. Homelessness is worse in some areas of the United States compared to other areas because of incomes that are drastically fallin g, jobs that are no longer very secure which offer fewer benefits to the worker and their family members. The United States is experiencing the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression. Necessary wages made by the hour only improved by one-sixth ofRead MoreHomelessness Is An Epidemic That Plagues Many People Across The United States1142 Words   |  5 PagesHomelessness is an epidemic that plagues many people across the United States for many different reasons. However, for young people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender, living homeless can become especially difficult. Young people of the LGBT community are being put out of their homes, rejected by their families, and shunned by their communities in which they live because of their sexual orientation, something that they themselves have no choice over. This is because of prejudices

Reflecting on Wisdom Free Essays

Reflecting On Wisdom PSY 220 March 9, 2013 Colleen Moore Reflecting On Wisdom The attributes that are commonly associated with wise people are: Reasoning Ability, Sagacity, Learning from Ideas and the Environment, Judgment, Expeditious use of Information and Perspicacity. Reasoning Ability is the uncommon ability to look at a problem and solve it through good logical reasoning ability, by applying knowledge to particular problems, by integrating information and theories in new ways, and by possessing a huge store of knowledge. Sagacity is the keen understanding of human nature, thoughtfulness, fairness, good listening abilities, knowledge of self and placing value on the advice and knowledge of others. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflecting on Wisdom or any similar topic only for you Order Now Learning from Ideas and the Environment places value on ideas, is perceptive, and learns from others’ mistakes. Judgment has good sensible judgment at all times, takes a long-term rather than a short-term view, and thinks before acting and speaking. Expeditious use of Information learns and retains information from experience (both mistakes and successes), willingness to change one’s mind based on new experience. Perspicacity Demonstrates perceptiveness, intuition, ability to see through things, read between the lines; and discern the truth and the right thing to do. (Bumgardener Crothers, 2009) A person I believe would be wise would be Jesus Christ. Jesus Christ who is known from the Bible as the son of God. (II Samuel 7:12-14 King James Bible) Jesus had all six of the characteristics named in the above paragraph. Jesus who was the son of God was sent to the world to save the world to teach the gospels and to help save the world from sin. For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but have everlasting life† (John 3:16 King James Bible). Jesus went to many cities throughout his life preaching the gospels and healing the six, casting our demons and raising the dead. Any person who believed that Jesus was the son of God and had enough faith would be healed. (John 4:43-54 King James Bible) Jesus was a very wise man be cause he studied the gospels, he spent many hours in prayer, and he also went to the tabernacles to learn and to preach and to heal those in need of healing. Mark 1:21-28, Luke 4:31-37) Jesus was a very compassionate man and when people who had the faith would cry out to him for healing he would heal them because their faith was very strong. An example of this would be when Jesus had left the city of Jericho he had a mass following of people traveling with him when they had come upon two blind men. The blind men heard the crowd and asked what was going on and once they were told they had cried out to Jesus to not pass them by and to please heal them of their blindness. The crowd that was following Jesus tried to rebuke them because they figured the blind men weren’t worthy enough for a healing or they just did not want the blind men to bother Jesus, but the blind men cried out to Jesus in persistence because they believed and had the faith to know that Jesus could heal them, Jesus then called out to the blind men and asked what they wanted and they had said they wanted their eye sight back, so Jesus seeing that they had the faith told them to arise and that because of their faith they were healed and could see again. Once the Blind men were healed they followed Jesus and were glorifying God. Mark 10:46-52; Luke 18:35-43 King James Bible) Jesus was wise in the ways that he taught his parables. For example in (Luke 10:25-42 King James Bible), a man who was an expert in the law decided to test Jesus by asking him â€Å"Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life? † Jesus then said to the man, â€Å"What is written in the law? How do you read it? The man answered â€Å"Though shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all they mind; and they neighbors as thyself. Jesus then said to the man â€Å"Thou has answered right: this do and thou shalt live. Again the man wanted to justify himself so he asked Jesus â€Å"Who is my neighbor? † Jesus then replied to him with a story about a man who had come from Jerusalem to Jericho and ran into some thieves who stripped the man of his clothes and beat him half to death and then left. The man who had been beaten lay on the ground and had been passed by two people who looked at him and left without helping the man. A third man â€Å"The Good Samaritan† came by and saw the wounded man on the ground and had left but came back with supplies to clean the wounded man and bandage him up. Then the Good Samaritan took him to an inn to take care of him. The next day the good Samaritan man got up and before he left, he gave the inn keeper money and told the inn keeper and told him to take care of the wounded man and that any extra money that the inn keeper has to use he will repay him once he returns. Then once Jesus was finished with the story he said to the man who was and expert in the law â€Å"Which now of these three, thinkest thou, was neighbor unto him that fell among thieves? â€Å" The man then said â€Å"He that shewed mercy on him. † Then Jesus said â€Å"Go and do thou Likewise. † One of the attributes I believe I have fully developed would be Judgment. I may not always use the best judgment at all times, but I feel that my judgment is usually sensible and thought out as sensible as I can make it. When something comes up that I have to use my judgment for, I try to sit and think it through as much as possible to find the best possible outcome for the solution. I feel that I would need to fully develop all of the attributes discussed in chapter 10 of the reading. These are things that every person has to learn throughout their lives and will continue to develop through the years. Reference (Bumgardener Crothers, 2009) (King James Bible) How to cite Reflecting on Wisdom, Essay examples Reflecting on Wisdom Free Essays Reflecting On Wisdom PSY 220 March 9, 2013 Colleen Moore Reflecting On Wisdom The attributes that are commonly associated with wise people are: Reasoning Ability, Sagacity, Learning from Ideas and the Environment, Judgment, Expeditious use of Information and Perspicacity. Reasoning Ability is the uncommon ability to look at a problem and solve it through good logical reasoning ability, by applying knowledge to particular problems, by integrating information and theories in new ways, and by possessing a huge store of knowledge. Sagacity is the keen understanding of human nature, thoughtfulness, fairness, good listening abilities, knowledge of self and placing value on the advice and knowledge of others. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflecting on Wisdom or any similar topic only for you Order Now Learning from Ideas and the Environment places value on ideas, is perceptive, and learns from others’ mistakes. Judgment has good sensible judgment at all times, takes a long-term rather than a short-term view, and thinks before acting and speaking. Expeditious use of Information learns and retains information from experience (both mistakes and successes), willingness to change one’s mind based on new experience. Perspicacity Demonstrates perceptiveness, intuition, ability to see through things, read between the lines; and discern the truth and the right thing to do. (Bumgardener Crothers, 2009) A person I believe would be wise would be Jesus Christ. Jesus Christ who is known from the Bible as the son of God. (II Samuel 7:12-14 King James Bible) Jesus had all six of the characteristics named in the above paragraph. Jesus who was the son of God was sent to the world to save the world to teach the gospels and to help save the world from sin. For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but have everlasting life† (John 3:16 King James Bible). Jesus went to many cities throughout his life preaching the gospels and healing the six, casting our demons and raising the dead. Any person who believed that Jesus was the son of God and had enough faith would be healed. (John 4:43-54 King James Bible) Jesus was a very wise man be cause he studied the gospels, he spent many hours in prayer, and he also went to the tabernacles to learn and to preach and to heal those in need of healing. Mark 1:21-28, Luke 4:31-37) Jesus was a very compassionate man and when people who had the faith would cry out to him for healing he would heal them because their faith was very strong. An example of this would be when Jesus had left the city of Jericho he had a mass following of people traveling with him when they had come upon two blind men. The blind men heard the crowd and asked what was going on and once they were told they had cried out to Jesus to not pass them by and to please heal them of their blindness. The crowd that was following Jesus tried to rebuke them because they figured the blind men weren’t worthy enough for a healing or they just did not want the blind men to bother Jesus, but the blind men cried out to Jesus in persistence because they believed and had the faith to know that Jesus could heal them, Jesus then called out to the blind men and asked what they wanted and they had said they wanted their eye sight back, so Jesus seeing that they had the faith told them to arise and that because of their faith they were healed and could see again. Once the Blind men were healed they followed Jesus and were glorifying God. Mark 10:46-52; Luke 18:35-43 King James Bible) Jesus was wise in the ways that he taught his parables. For example in (Luke 10:25-42 King James Bible), a man who was an expert in the law decided to test Jesus by asking him â€Å"Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life? † Jesus then said to the man, â€Å"What is written in the law? How do you read it? The man answered â€Å"Though shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all they mind; and they neighbors as thyself. Jesus then said to the man â€Å"Thou has answered right: this do and thou shalt live. Again the man wanted to justify himself so he asked Jesus â€Å"Who is my neighbor? † Jesus then replied to him with a story about a man who had come from Jerusalem to Jericho and ran into some thieves who stripped the man of his clothes and beat him half to death and then left. The man who had been beaten lay on the ground and had been passed by two people who looked at him and left without helping the man. A third man â€Å"The Good Samaritan† came by and saw the wounded man on the ground and had left but came back with supplies to clean the wounded man and bandage him up. Then the Good Samaritan took him to an inn to take care of him. The next day the good Samaritan man got up and before he left, he gave the inn keeper money and told the inn keeper and told him to take care of the wounded man and that any extra money that the inn keeper has to use he will repay him once he returns. Then once Jesus was finished with the story he said to the man who was and expert in the law â€Å"Which now of these three, thinkest thou, was neighbor unto him that fell among thieves? â€Å" The man then said â€Å"He that shewed mercy on him. † Then Jesus said â€Å"Go and do thou Likewise. † One of the attributes I believe I have fully developed would be Judgment. I may not always use the best judgment at all times, but I feel that my judgment is usually sensible and thought out as sensible as I can make it. When something comes up that I have to use my judgment for, I try to sit and think it through as much as possible to find the best possible outcome for the solution. I feel that I would need to fully develop all of the attributes discussed in chapter 10 of the reading. These are things that every person has to learn throughout their lives and will continue to develop through the years. Reference (Bumgardener Crothers, 2009) (King James Bible) How to cite Reflecting on Wisdom, Papers

Literature Review Theories of Culture

Question: Discuss about the case study Literature Review for Theories of Culture. Answer: Introduction The world is experiencing a lot of changes based on the cultural transformations that are caused by the various factors that affect the way people live. For instance, academics has been of great effect to the living styles of people because much has been known through the learning process. These changes have affected the culture that has been existing, thus bringing new ways of beliefs. Comparing the ways of living in the contemporary world with the historical times, there a lot of chances because of the activities that people perform. In the historical times, before civilization came into existence, human beings had a strict way of performing their tasks. For instance, it was known that women were responsible for home chores and men could participate in developmental activities. There were no educational programs like in the contemporary society. Children could follow the footsteps of their parents that determined their future. Later, changes of creating a learned community were ado pted, and all the community activities changed to pave ways for the new culture. Therefore, comparing the activities that were being undertaken by our forefathers, they are completely different because of the changed culture. For instance, men could work in the firms among other traditional activities such as hunting to make a living but in the current times, people are working in organizations and businesses to ensure that they earn their living. Because of these identified changes in culture in relations to the lives of the affected people, it can be observed that culture affects the lives of personal and professional lives. Culture has a significant place in the life of a person, and it depends on of the environment. There are different types of cultures in the community amongst which are: - national culture, corporate culture, religious culture, generational culture, and gender orientation among many others. A person might fit in any one of them of more depending on the environments in contact. For instance, a Christian might be working as a professional in p articular place. Therefore, corporate and religious cultures will be affecting the ways of living for this specific person. Rationale of the Paper It is paramount for people to understand more about cultures and how they should be managed. Culture is surrounded by a lot of theories that provide rationales about the lives of different people in various environments. The topic about theories of culture gives the audience more information and knowledge about how life is affected by the values and beliefs of a particular environment. These theories of culture can either impose negative or positive influences the lives of the people who believe in them. Culture is very important in the society because it determines the values and beliefs of the particular community. It also enhances the effectiveness of the activities being performed, thus enhancing the chances of achievements. Therefore, this paper is aimed at providing a review of culture literature and its effect on a personal, professional, organizational and communal life of an individual. Firstly, the rationale of acquiring the information will be provided to create a base for the effective literature review (Daniels, Lauder, Porter, 2009). Research Strategy A good research work is limited to the type of academic resources that can be used and the time frame of publication to be used. Therefore, this paper will also be constrained to time factor to ensure that the data and information used is valid and effective. Because culture has been in existence for a long time ago, some historical sources must be used to gather information about the historical periods. Rather, researchers who have used information from historical publications can be majored on to avoid using resources that seem to be too old. In this literature review, historical books and journal articles will mainly major because the information is valid and acceptable in the academic space. The academic resources to be used in this review of literature will have to be published in the last 15 years. During this period, there have not been many changes in the culture of the community. The only changes that have been observed are the change its technological developments (Hutchby Moran-Ellis, 2001). Journals about organizational culture and societal beliefs and values will be used to provide relevant information about the research (Fullan, 2001). The internet has a lot of libraries that can be used in search of academic resources to be used in research work. Therefore, in this research about theories of culture, the web was the core database used in searching the required information. Google engine was frequently used in search of books that could be featured in the research. Also, Academic Search database was used to get some journals that were thought to be relevant in tackling the study. However, Google provided enough information and resources that could be needed in retrieving information about theories of culture. The Google database has been loaded with a lot of academic resources, and it is rated among the best databases for educational support. There are a lot of key terms that was used in search of the resources for the study of the Google search engine. Since this paper is related to theories of culture in relation to the culture of a medical practitioner, the key terms could lean on the medical side. For instance, theories of medical culture, health beliefs and theories of culture could be used as key terms in the search engine. Also, a statement such as the effects of culture on the personal/professional life of a person could be used. When Google books were searched using some of these keywords, a lot of results were obtained thus proving a series of selection for the best part (Helmreich Merritt, 2001). When theories of culture term as searched in the Academic Search database, fifteen articles were obtained that seemed to be related to the topic, Theories of Culture. In Google search engine, they result obtained infinite, but they were arranged according to their rating. This means that the articles and books in the first counts of results are highly preferred for use in the research. Theories Authors have previously developed theories of culture that provide different rationale about culture. Some theories connect the literature about culture in the society. Firstly, culture is not as distinct as nature because it can change from time to time. Culture is defined as anything that controls the living style of an individual as opposed to the natural laws. It is also evident that cultures can be learned and practiced (Hendrix Carman, 2010). According to Hegel who was a famous French psychologist, culture is a series of events that helps a person performed a certain act. These steps create a particular image that is related to certain acts and beliefs related to a group of people. For instance, academic curriculum creates the culture of a school, thus defining all the activities that ought to be performed in these particular environments. Socialization is an important factor in the community in correlation to the culture of a particular society. Through socialization, the behaviors and minds of the children are shaped towards the expectations of the community. Therefore, their acts and thinking will be acceptable to the standards of the specific community. Whenever these children move from their locality to other environments, they are in a position of learning new culture by identifying the values and beliefs of the particular community. Language covers the largest part of culture, and for any person to learn about a strange community, the local languages must be learned first. If a person can communicate with the local language, it will be easier to learn more about the culture and adapt effectively. Therefore, the first step to being taken in learning new cultures is to make sure that the local language is learned. If a person moves to a new culture that within their locality, it will be easy to adapt and learn the ir new methodologies. For instance, a person working in an organization that is within the same residential areas, the culture in the workplace will intermarry with the societys because it the highest percentage of the workers are from the same locality (Macdonald, 2005). Culture is referred to as knowledge before of the fact that different people can learn it. Therefore, much about culture is the facts about the worlds objects, places, and peoples ideas among others. People who are sharing the same culture are said to be sharing a common factor based the thoughts about the understanding of the world. According to Ward Goodenough (1957), s for people to fit in a particular culture, they will have to ensure that they have the same understanding of similar cognitive vie of the world. Although culture has been related to Knowledge, it has its end of learning because there is no much development of ideas from time to time. A child who is born in a certain culture will learn through their family members while individuals are moving to new environments will experience a procedural learning process. Marx who was a Prussian philosopher believed that culture is communication and there no person who can learn a new culture without communication. Also, he stated it was a form of mediation, and it could be used in different systems. For instance, if an individual is working in a company, learning the organizational culture will enhance the functionality and efficiency of working. Therefore, a culture can affect the mode of working for any particular profession. In this case, a medical practitioner has to pass through a competitive training to understand the medical culture. Despite the professional language, a doctor will need to be flexible enough to ensure that differences in culture will not affect the career negatively. For instance, some cultures might be having difference beliefs about the treatment of some diseases such as blood pressure, diabetes among others. Communities with traditional beliefs about the occurrence of such diseases might affect the interventions used by the doctors for treatments. Culture has been viewed as non-natural. Thus many philosophers and psychologist refer it as transferable, and a person can be able to learn more than one culture. The researcher and academician such as Marx and Goodenough have developed theories that correlated about the nature of cultures. Although each one of them had different views about culture, there has not been any contradictions between their opinions (Sivakumar Nakata, 2011). Therefore, culture is influenced by different aspects such as language and the environment. A person will either be a member of a particular culture through propositional or procedural learning (Patankar, 2012). The difference is that learning through propositional is through natural methods, and procedural is developing a know-how within a given time. It is definite that if a person cannot fit in a particular culture, the living conditions will be unfavorable because the activities in the particular community will not fit personal expectations. Results of the Review According to Clark (1990), Schwartz (2006) and Hofstede (2002), behaviors of individuals are defined by their culture based on the values and beliefs. Based on the national culture, it might be hard to differentiate sub-cultures in a country. Especially for people have not been in a particular place before, the minor differences might not easily observe. Therefore, working in a country that has various subgroups might affect personal and professional life because some of the local activities practices will not be known. A country is the core controller of the culture, and that is the reason there are differences observed between cultures of distinct states. In a country, people are free to move from one place, thus enhancing socialization. Factors such as living intermarriage, education and career among others enhances the possibilities of people learning cultures of other sub-groups. Therefore, apart from the national culture, people end up learning more about their fellows in commo n places. Because of the perceived connections between places, or between different people, strangers will not be able to notice the differences (Soares, Farhangmehr Shoham, 2007). There is a well-known theory developed by Hofstede (2001) about the national culture. This theory was developed based on data collected in two different surveys undertaken by the IBM, which focused on the attitudes of the employees. The survey included more than 116,000 questionnaires conducted in more than 70 countries that have over 20 different languages. Because of the cases of missing data from some of the countries, the analysis included 40 countries that had fully-filled questionnaires (Soares, Farhangmehr Shoham, 2007). This ensured that the data to be obtained was certain and reliable. Because of the reliability of these research works, many academician dealing with social sciences have used this publication as a reference in many academic works. Later in the year 1982, other ten countries were included in the analysis after a complete dataset was provided. In Hofstedes work, consequences of culture have been discussed focusing on cultural dimensions, collectivism and individualism and international issues on career/work-related values. The four dimensions of national culture included; masculinity, individualism, power distance and uncertainty (Hofstede, 2006). Each of the aspects has a distinct impact on the culture of the nation. For example, inequality in power in a particular country can be measured by observing the power distance. Also, the level of independence will be determined by the measures of individualism in the community. The competitiveness and assertiveness of masculine values in a country determines the levels of masculinity in the country (Hofstede, 1980). Schwartz (2006) developed bipolar dimensions of cultural values based on an analysis that was conducted from a dataset that covered 73 countries. The survey was conducted using two different tools that ensured reliability and certainty of the data. According to Schwartz, cultural values are broken into three dimension that defines culture. Firstly, Schwartz stated that basing the argument on Autonomy and embeddedness; people are independent, different and unique in all ways. Therefore, people will express their attitudes, ideas, and preferences and feel when encouraged. Therefore, culture contributes to making people understand what they are supposed to do at any particular time. Hierarchy and Egalitarianism emphasize that people are attached to their roles and responsibilities. Therefore, the professional life of a person is affected in cases where culture encourages undertaking responsibilities. Through harmony and mastery, individuals will tend to fit in the social and natural wor ld (Hofstede, 2006). Conclusion Undertaking a study of theories of culture and how they affect the life of an individual enhances the understanding of the meaning and management of culture. The findings of the study undertaken to make the study successful has been used in this paper to correlate the culture, environment, and residents. It has been found that philosophers and psychologist have contributed a lot in informing the society about the relationships of culture and the community. Finally, it will be certain to conclude that culture imposes impacts to the personal, professional life of an individual. References Daniels, H., Lauder, H., Porter, J. (2009). Educational theories, cultures and learning. London: Routledge. Fullan, M. (2001). Leading in a culture of change. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Helmreich, R. Merritt, A. (2001). Culture at work in aviation and medicine. Aldershot, Eng.: Ashgate. Hendrix, J. Carman, C. (2010). Renaissance theories of vision. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate. Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's consequences. Newbury Park: SAGE. Hutchby, I. Moran-Ellis, J. (2001). Children, technology, and culture. London: Routledge/Falmer. Inglehart, R., Welzel, C. (2005). Modernization, cultural change, and democracy: the human development sequence. New York: Cambridge University Press. Kim, H. C. Triandis, C. Kagitcibasi, S.-C. Choi G. (2005), Individualism and Collectivism: Theory, Method and Applications (pp. 85-119). California: Sage Publications. Macdonald, L. (2005). Wellness at work: protecting and promoting employee health and wellbeing. Chartered Institute of Personnel Development. Patankar, M. (2012). Safety Culture: Building and Sustaining a Cultural Change in Aviation and Healthcare. Ashgate Publishing Group. Ragin, C. C. (2008). Redesigning social inquiry: Fuzzy sets and beyond. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press. Rihoux, B., Ragin, C. C. (2009). Configurational comparative methods: Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and related techniques. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Schwartz, S. H. (2006). A theory of cultural value orientations: Explication and applications. Comparative Sociology, 5(2-3), 137-182. Schwartz, S. H. (2006). Beyond individualism/collectivism: New cultural dimensions of values. Shane, S. (1994). The effect of national culture on the choice between licensing and direct foreign-investment. Strategic Management Journal, 15(8), 627-642. Sivakumar, K., Nakata, C. (2001). The stampede toward Hofstede's framework: Avoiding the sample design pit in cross-cultural research. Journal of International Business Studies, 32(3), 555-574. Soares, A. M., Farhangmehr, M., Shoham, A. (2007). Hofstede's dimensions of culture in international marketing studies. Journal of Business Research, 60, 277-284. 41 Steenkamp, J.-B. E. M. (2001). The role of national culture in international marketing research. International Marketing Review, 18(1), 30-44. Taras, V. (2010). Catalogue of Instruments for Measuring Culture. Retrieved March 26, 2010, from https://vtaras.com/Culture_Survey_Catalogue Triandis, H. C. (2007). The self and social behavior in differing cultural contexts. Psychological Review, 96(3), 506-520.

Technology And Innovations Impact On The World Essays - Development

Technology And Innovations Impact On The World In an era where human progress is soaring at a dizzying rate, society must adapt its technology to solve current world issues. In a world where the Internet, cell phones and notebook computers are becoming a necessity for everyday living, we often forget about those who still suffer attempting to meet their basic needs, including clean water, food and health care. It is time for the developed world to use their technology to help those who can not help themselves. By using these technologies there will be advances in medical services, a new economy based on the Internet, emerging information technologies and new methods for the farming and industrial sectors. More importantly, these technologies will provide the education and knowledge for these people to become prosperous nations that can fend for themselves and provide for their people. Transfers of technology from the developed world to the developing world will improve the standard of living, increase efficiency in production and become a base for economic growth, without this transfer these countries will fall further into poverty and economic ruin, with little hope for survival. For most people of the developed world, the developing world is not something they concern themselves with; they do not see it everyday and therefore it does not exist. This could not be farther from the truth. The developing world is in need of help but the developed world constantly turns a blind eye. Our current love affair with technology may provide the answer for underdeveloped nations problems. The standard of living is so low in these countries that our everyday conveniences are a struggle for the entire population to obtain. If the developed nations could meet these base needs, these countries may be able to overcome their current problems. The first issue that must be dealt with is the unsatisfactory health care and medical technology. If the developed world could send excess medical supplies along with the personnel to administer them, they might learn to take care of themselves. In time, the common diseases that kill thousands in these countries will be under control and people will start living longer, healthier lives. A second issue is the exchange of technology for agriculture and industry. As a result, new jobs will be created to provide income, while reducing child labor. As the people of these countries start to build income for themselves, the amount of crime will be reduced as people will be able to afford to meet their basic needs. As an example, instead of having to steal or beg for food or clothing, they would be able to purchase them; thus reducing crime and increase economic growth. The case study of China completed in class, showed that as people became educated and more career oriented, the size of families decreased thus reducing overpopulation. This occurs for two main reasons, people will not have time for a family and less children are required for the work force. With overpopulation and the rate of natural increase under control the standard of living in these countries will increase. With just a small jumpstart from the developi ng world, developing countries will experience a chain reaction that will increase their standard of living. This chain will start with improved medicine to increase life expectancy, followed by new jobs that will bring income and finally education that will reduce overpopulation and crime. All of these factors resulting from technological transfers will lead to an overall increase in living standard. In the corporate world of North America, it has never been easier to start a business or company. Using modern technology such and the Internet and a computer, an individual or group of individuals can become major players in today's ever increasing electronic economy. As the overall cost of doing business drops, it will make the technology more rapidly available, at a decreased cost(Freund, pg.2) and therefore level the economic playing field. As companies start cropping up, built around a new information based economy, there will be more and more demand for jobs. These jobs will give local workers a chance at making some money and providing a living for themselves and their families. With employment on the

Free Essays on Internet Freedom

Defining Our Rights Freedom of speech is a fight that has been going on for as long as the people have had the right. The Internet is just a new forum for waging this war. While people do have the right to post and say what they want, there is something to be said for protecting the youth, as well as easily impressionable minds. At this time the Internet is an ideal medium for the population to express what it wants at any time. This however may change soon, as international governments are discussing legislation and implementing censorship for the Internet. I think that we as a people need to address this issue now and fight to keep a right that has been a foundation for our culture. If we do nothing now, then laws will get passed that may very well infringe upon our right to freedom. Everybody is essentially for free speech. The issue is the limits and boundaries to that speech, and how we should enforce them. There are two sides to this issue and they make it extremely hard to distinguish right action from wrong. On one side you have parents protecting their kids from obscene material, and government protecting its people from terrorism. On the other side are groups and agencies fighting for every last ounce of free speech. Trying to empower the people by keeping them overly and completely informed. Both of these groups are entitled to the feelings they have and neither one of them are in the wrong. So the goal is to create legislation and law that conforms to all walks of life, and is non-bias towards any of our people. Freedom of expression has already faced tremendous judicial attention, and now that the Internet is involved there are even more difficulties to deal with. At this time attempts are being made to control two aspects of expression. Thes e aspects are obscene material such as pornography, and compelling government interest such as instructions on how to make a bomb. The Communication Decency Act is o... Free Essays on Internet Freedom Free Essays on Internet Freedom Defining Our Rights Freedom of speech is a fight that has been going on for as long as the people have had the right. The Internet is just a new forum for waging this war. While people do have the right to post and say what they want, there is something to be said for protecting the youth, as well as easily impressionable minds. At this time the Internet is an ideal medium for the population to express what it wants at any time. This however may change soon, as international governments are discussing legislation and implementing censorship for the Internet. I think that we as a people need to address this issue now and fight to keep a right that has been a foundation for our culture. If we do nothing now, then laws will get passed that may very well infringe upon our right to freedom. Everybody is essentially for free speech. The issue is the limits and boundaries to that speech, and how we should enforce them. There are two sides to this issue and they make it extremely hard to distinguish right action from wrong. On one side you have parents protecting their kids from obscene material, and government protecting its people from terrorism. On the other side are groups and agencies fighting for every last ounce of free speech. Trying to empower the people by keeping them overly and completely informed. Both of these groups are entitled to the feelings they have and neither one of them are in the wrong. So the goal is to create legislation and law that conforms to all walks of life, and is non-bias towards any of our people. Freedom of expression has already faced tremendous judicial attention, and now that the Internet is involved there are even more difficulties to deal with. At this time attempts are being made to control two aspects of expression. Thes e aspects are obscene material such as pornography, and compelling government interest such as instructions on how to make a bomb. The Communication Decency Act is o...

Chemical Imbalance and Depression

However, chemical imbalance doesn’t lead to every kind of depression seen in the lives of many people. Admin,2012) Approximately five percent of the United States’ population experiences a depressive episode that requires psychopharmacological treatment; in any one year, ten to twelve million Americans are affected by depression, with the condition twice as common in females than in males. (Ho, 2002) We all have chemical signals that are called neurotransmitters and they come in a variety of forms like Serotonin, Dopamine, and Norepinephrine. All three of these neurotransmitters play a very important role in maintaining normal mood, motivation and concentration. What is Serotonin? Serotonin acts as a neurotransmitter, a type of chemical that helps relay signals from one area of the brain to another. (Bouchez, 2007) In depressed brains, the Serotonin signal had been somehow weakened because of a chemical imbalance in the neurotransmitters. (Mukherjee, 2012) Low Serotonin levels are often attributed to anxiety, depression, panic attacks, insomnia, obesity, eating disorders, migraines, and alcohol abuse. (Integrative Psychiatry, 2012)Treatment for increasing levels of Serotonin in the brain are medication like Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil. These medications are known to work by making more serotonin in the brain. (Carver, 2002) If we have too much Serotonin you will have this feeling of bliss and it can also produce a life threatening condition known as Serotonin Syndrome. To date there have been no recorded or documented studies proving that the brain levels of Serotonin or any neurotransmitter are in short supply when depression or any mental illness develops. (Bouchez, 2007) Serotonin can be measured in the blood but they are not sure that blood levels effect the brain’s level of Serotonin. The next neurotransmitter that is part of the brain is Dopamine. What is Dopamine? Dopamine is in the area of the brain that is considered to be the neurotransmitter of focus and attention. Dopamine relays impulses across the microscopic spaces, called synapses, which exist between adjacent nerves, thus allowing the propagation of messages from one nerve to the next. (Christensen, 2011) Low levels of Dopamine make concentration and focus very difficult, this is associated with Attention- Deficit- Hyperactivity- Disorder. Carver, 2002) If patients are found to have low levels of Dopamine, you will be prescribed medication that actually slows down the hyperactive by increasing Dopamine boasting the level into normal range allowing them to focus and pay attention. Researchers say that if a patient is found to have prolonged exposure to Dopamine, patients are more apt to  abuse drugs. Most addictive drugs, such as cocaine and  amphetamines, directly or indirectly raise dopamine level s, and the chemical plays a major role in drug-induced highs. WebMD, 2005) The next neurotransmitter that is part of the brain is Norepinphrine. What is Norepinphrine? Norepinephrine is the neurotransmitter often associated with the flight or fight response to stress. Norepinephrine also functions hormones in the body. Low levels of Norepinephrine are associated with a loss of alertness, poor memory, and depression. (Carver, 2002) It has been found that low levels of norepinephrine are in ADHD and depression patients. If the levels are two high patients may feel fatigue, have muscle cramps and a sense of being on edge. Almost all anxiety disorders involve norepinephrine elevations. (Carver, 2002) Psychiatrists would treat low levels of norepinephrine with newer antidepressants like Effexor and Serzone. Treatment of high levels of norepinephrine the psychologist would prescribe GABA, also known as Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid. Summary and Conclusion As I stated in my debate it is very clear that depression is one of the possible symptoms of chemical imbalance. However, chemical imbalance doesn’t lead to every kind of depression seen in the lives of many people. Admin, 2012) Not all medication has the same dosage. There are many different types of medication that you can have prescribed if your brain is low or has high neurotransmitters such as Serotonin, Dopamine, and Norepinephrine. If you feel like you are depressed go and see a Psychologist, so the correct medication can be prescribed to you. References Admin (2012). Is  depression  caused by chemical imbalance in the brain? Retrieved from http://smartsdepression. com/2012/04/27/is-depression-caused-by-chemical-imbalance-in-the-brain. Bouchez, Colette, (2007). Serotonin: 9 Questions and Answers. Article is a WebMD feature. Retrieved from http://www. webmd. com/depression/features/serotonin. Carver, Joseph MD, (2002). The â€Å"Chemical Imbalance† in mental health problems. Retrieved from http://www. drjoecarver. com/clients/49533/file/chemical%20imbalance. html. Christensen, Stephen, (2011). Depression treatment with dopamine. Retrieved from http://www. livestrong. com/article/362623-depression-treatment-with-dopamine/. Ho, Kathryn, (2002). Serotonin ; Depression. Retrieved from http://serendip. brynmawr. du/bb/neuro/neuro99/web3/ho. html Integrative psychiatry, (2012). Serotonin. Retrieved from http://integrativepsychiatry. net/serotonin. html. Mukherjee, Siddhartha, (2012). Post-Prozac Nation. The Science and History of Treating Depression. Retrieved from http://www. nytimes. com/2012/04/22/magazine/the-science-and-history-of-treating-depression. hmtl. WebMD, (2005). Dopamine  may play new role in  depression. Article is from WebMD news archive. Retrieved from http://www. webmd/depression/news/20050728/dopamine-may-play-new-role-in-depression. . Chemical Imbalance and Depression However, chemical imbalance doesn’t lead to every kind of depression seen in the lives of many people. Admin,2012) Approximately five percent of the United States’ population experiences a depressive episode that requires psychopharmacological treatment; in any one year, ten to twelve million Americans are affected by depression, with the condition twice as common in females than in males. (Ho, 2002) We all have chemical signals that are called neurotransmitters and they come in a variety of forms like Serotonin, Dopamine, and Norepinephrine. All three of these neurotransmitters play a very important role in maintaining normal mood, motivation and concentration. What is Serotonin? Serotonin acts as a neurotransmitter, a type of chemical that helps relay signals from one area of the brain to another. (Bouchez, 2007) In depressed brains, the Serotonin signal had been somehow weakened because of a chemical imbalance in the neurotransmitters. (Mukherjee, 2012) Low Serotonin levels are often attributed to anxiety, depression, panic attacks, insomnia, obesity, eating disorders, migraines, and alcohol abuse. (Integrative Psychiatry, 2012)Treatment for increasing levels of Serotonin in the brain are medication like Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil. These medications are known to work by making more serotonin in the brain. (Carver, 2002) If we have too much Serotonin you will have this feeling of bliss and it can also produce a life threatening condition known as Serotonin Syndrome. To date there have been no recorded or documented studies proving that the brain levels of Serotonin or any neurotransmitter are in short supply when depression or any mental illness develops. (Bouchez, 2007) Serotonin can be measured in the blood but they are not sure that blood levels effect the brain’s level of Serotonin. The next neurotransmitter that is part of the brain is Dopamine. What is Dopamine? Dopamine is in the area of the brain that is considered to be the neurotransmitter of focus and attention. Dopamine relays impulses across the microscopic spaces, called synapses, which exist between adjacent nerves, thus allowing the propagation of messages from one nerve to the next. (Christensen, 2011) Low levels of Dopamine make concentration and focus very difficult, this is associated with Attention- Deficit- Hyperactivity- Disorder. Carver, 2002) If patients are found to have low levels of Dopamine, you will be prescribed medication that actually slows down the hyperactive by increasing Dopamine boasting the level into normal range allowing them to focus and pay attention. Researchers say that if a patient is found to have prolonged exposure to Dopamine, patients are more apt to  abuse drugs. Most addictive drugs, such as cocaine and  amphetamines, directly or indirectly raise dopamine level s, and the chemical plays a major role in drug-induced highs. WebMD, 2005) The next neurotransmitter that is part of the brain is Norepinphrine. What is Norepinphrine? Norepinephrine is the neurotransmitter often associated with the flight or fight response to stress. Norepinephrine also functions hormones in the body. Low levels of Norepinephrine are associated with a loss of alertness, poor memory, and depression. (Carver, 2002) It has been found that low levels of norepinephrine are in ADHD and depression patients. If the levels are two high patients may feel fatigue, have muscle cramps and a sense of being on edge. Almost all anxiety disorders involve norepinephrine elevations. (Carver, 2002) Psychiatrists would treat low levels of norepinephrine with newer antidepressants like Effexor and Serzone. Treatment of high levels of norepinephrine the psychologist would prescribe GABA, also known as Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid. Summary and Conclusion As I stated in my debate it is very clear that depression is one of the possible symptoms of chemical imbalance. However, chemical imbalance doesn’t lead to every kind of depression seen in the lives of many people. Admin, 2012) Not all medication has the same dosage. There are many different types of medication that you can have prescribed if your brain is low or has high neurotransmitters such as Serotonin, Dopamine, and Norepinephrine. If you feel like you are depressed go and see a Psychologist, so the correct medication can be prescribed to you. References Admin (2012). Is  depression  caused by chemical imbalance in the brain? Retrieved from http://smartsdepression. com/2012/04/27/is-depression-caused-by-chemical-imbalance-in-the-brain. Bouchez, Colette, (2007). Serotonin: 9 Questions and Answers. Article is a WebMD feature. Retrieved from http://www. webmd. com/depression/features/serotonin. Carver, Joseph MD, (2002). The â€Å"Chemical Imbalance† in mental health problems. Retrieved from http://www. drjoecarver. com/clients/49533/file/chemical%20imbalance. html. Christensen, Stephen, (2011). Depression treatment with dopamine. Retrieved from http://www. livestrong. com/article/362623-depression-treatment-with-dopamine/. Ho, Kathryn, (2002). Serotonin ; Depression. Retrieved from http://serendip. brynmawr. du/bb/neuro/neuro99/web3/ho. html Integrative psychiatry, (2012). Serotonin. Retrieved from http://integrativepsychiatry. net/serotonin. html. Mukherjee, Siddhartha, (2012). Post-Prozac Nation. The Science and History of Treating Depression. Retrieved from http://www. nytimes. com/2012/04/22/magazine/the-science-and-history-of-treating-depression. hmtl. WebMD, (2005). Dopamine  may play new role in  depression. Article is from WebMD news archive. Retrieved from http://www. webmd/depression/news/20050728/dopamine-may-play-new-role-in-depression. .

Critically assess the attractions of commodities as an asset class Essay

Critically assess the attractions of commodities as an asset class over the short and long-term - Essay Example The ever-expanding list now also includes products such as financial instruments and stock indexes that trade on a commodity exchange. Commodities can be considered to be an asset class in their own right and long-term investments in the same have resulted in equity-like returns to investors. An investment can generally be considered a separate asset class when its returns are independent of other asset classes; its returns are both positive and significantly different from cash; its return cannot be replicated with a combination of other asset classes. Commodities have all these characteristics and therefore provide considerable investment portfolio diversification opportunities. It provides return and risk opportunities beyond that of simple inflation hedging and has sources of risk and return that are significantly different from and independent of traditional assets such as stocks and bonds. Moreover, its advantage lies primarily in that its risk and return trade-offs cannot be easily replicated through other investment alternatives. Thus commodity investment has enormous growth potential and poses some unique attraction for investors who understand its unique characteristics, benefits and challenges. For instance, commodities generally outperform other asset classes in an expansionary phase and deliver extra-ordinary returns within short periods. Like property, commodities offer low to negative correlation with equities and bonds and fixed income instruments and, therefore, provide a natural balancing and sobering effect on the portfolio. A correlation coefficient is a number between -1 and 1 that measures the degree to which two variables are linearly related. A positive correlative coefficient means that the two variables are directly related, i.e. the value of one will increase or decrease along with the increase or decrease in the other. A negative correlation means that the variables are inversely related and when one

Film Critique Ghost 1960 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Film Critique Ghost 1960 - Research Paper Example It was screened in 1990. Molly, a ceramic art worker, is a beautiful girl who is in love with a high profile banker named Sam. Both live a happy life in New York. One night when the couple is returning on foot from a theatre, a street mugger Willie attacks and kills Sam. Sam dies on the spot due to a gun shot but turns into a Ghost. He realizes later that he is no more alive when he watches his body in the arms of Molly. Sam later comes to know after following Willie that the attack is masterminded by his friend and co-worker Carl who wants to steal the bank codes for different accounts. Carl wants to use codes for drug money laundering .Later Willie breaks into the house of Molly to steal codes. Sam reaches there and scares him away. Sam tries to communicate with Molly, but Molly cannot hear his voice. Sam takes help of a spiritualist lady Ona to convey the danger from Carl to Molly but Molly does not believe Ona. Molly confirms through the police that Ona is professional trickster and cannot be trusted. Now Sam has to find ways to protect Molly from Carl. Sam uses Ona to draw 4 Million dollars from account of Carl and give money in charity to a church. Later Willie breaks into the house of Ona in search of money. ... He uses body of Ona to finally dance with Molly. In the mean time, Carl reaches the apartment of Molly to kill both Molly and Ona. A scuffle takes place and Carl is killed by a window glass due to his own mistake. Now its time for Sam to go; at this time, a heavenly light appears in the room and Molly can hear and see Sam in order to say good bye. Sam says farewell to Molly and returns to afterlife with scores of angels. Acting The film is an example of classic combination of feature film and film genre in modern times. On the whole, the cast has performed extremely well in the film which has been recognized through many awards given to it. According to whosdatedwho.com (2012), the film was nominated for five academy awards and awarded two Oscars for best supporting actress and best screenplay and writing. The film also adds to credit the Best Supporting Actress Award for Whoopi Goldberg. The cast includes the names like Demi Moore, Patrick Swayze, Whoopi Goldberg, Rick Aviles, Tony Goldwyn and Vincent Schiavelli. In addition to coveted Oscar Award, Whoopi Goldberg also won many awards like Golden Globe and BAFTA, etc. The film also won The Best Original Screen Play Award due to performance of the cast and original thinking of the film writer. There are three lead characters in the movie: Demi Moore, Patrick Swayze, and Whoopi Goldberg who have displayed the film storey in an unconventional manner. The actors have focused on the core elements of passion, love for life, valuing relationships, avoiding greed and saving lives. Patrick has also displayed well a character which is spiritual as well as human in nature. The complexity and conflict involved in the

Tips for Writing a Good Reaction Paper Essay Example for Free

Tips for Writing a Good Reaction Paper Essay Read the given article carefully. Think about 1 or 2 major points you want to articulate in your reaction paper. Describe your point first (Lessons Learned, What you agreed on†¦ or What you disagreed on†¦) Justify why you think that way. Provide one or two real-world example(s) You may use any example you are familiar with, including ones we discuss in class or ones from the textbook. However, please do not assume that I know what you are talking about when you just mention a name (e. g. Enron or Wal-Mart). Provide sufficient background information and how your example(s) support your argument. Provide how your point relates to Public Relations (e.g. so what does this mean in Public Relations?) Desirable Formats Follow step 3 6 to make each point clearly (make 1 2 major points per each reaction paper) (normally one argument per one paragraph) After you finish articulating all the points, have a conclusive statement at the end. Provide reaction paper #, date, your name, and student ID # Limit your quantity to 1 page Please proofread your reaction paper carefully to avoid any grammatical mistakes or typos. What Not To Do Just summarize what you read (I want to see your professional opinions not a summary) No evidence to back up your point (e.g. no examples) Provide random examples without making careful effort to relate to your point Remember! Provide appropriate examples to support each argument and insights about how it relates to Public Relations (PR perspectives).

Risk Management Essay -- Business Management

Risk is a commonly used term and its usually liked with bad impacts on our objectives. The Oxford English Dictionary define risk as â€Å" a chance or possibility of danger, loss, injury or other adverse consequences†. There is no agreeable technical definition of risk as it went through many developments. The first stage was the management of threats only then the term is extended to cover the threats and the opportunities which face the organisations. The latest stage which is the management of the threats, opportunities, uncertainties and its sources. Of uncertainty (Ward and Chapmen, 2003). Therefore, Dowie argues to banned use the term â€Å"risk† in the risk management because of its misleading. The definition will be used in this paper is the Australia/New Zealand standard definition which is "The chance of something happening that will have an impact on objectives" (Australia/New Zealand Standard, 1999). The reasons of using this definition are the simplicities and the coverage of the negative and positive effects on objectives. Risk management has been done for thousands of years (Bernstein, 1996). The Risk management term was first introduced in the 1950s by the insurance industry. The first text book published about risk management in 1963 titled Risk management and the Business Enterprise by Robert I. Mehr and Bob Hedges (D’Arcy and Brogan, 2001). Risk management is a integrated process and risk manger need to assist the company’s business process are constant with its strategies, and the what is the relation between risk management and the investment and performance choices (Nocco and Stulz, 2006). Organisations should develop a risk management long term strategies depending on the business environment and shareholders an... ...ment guide 2001. London: White Page. Hodgkinson, R. (2001). Enterprise-wide risk management . Risk management guide 2001, London: White Page. Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO), (2004). Enterprise Risk Management—Integrated Framework. New York: COSO. Beasley, M. Clune, R. And Hermanson, D. (2005), Enterprise risk management: An empirical analysis of factors associated with the extent of implementation. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy. 24. pp. 521-531 Kleffner, A., Lee, R., McGannon, B., (2003). The effect of corporate governance on the use of enterprise risk management: evidence from Canada. Risk Management and Insurance Review 6 (1), pp.53–73. Liebenberg, A., Hoyt, R., (2003). The determinants of enterprise risk management: evidence from the appointment of chief risk officers. Risk Management and Insurance Review 6 (1), pp. 37–52.

Macbeth: Differences Between the Play and Movie

The play MacBeth, by William Shakespeare, which we read and the movie, by Rupert Goold’s, which we watch has several diffrences but all put out the same message. The main diffrences in between the play and the movie is the portrayal and functions of the witches, the changes of the setting and some key scenes, and the diffrences of the functions of the main characters and also the minor characters. The portrayal and function of the witches in the original play of MacBeth and the movie have several diffrences. In the play the witches are discribed as ugly things with beards and are outcasts of society that wear black robes. But in the movie the witches are very creepy. They have a more modern day horror film look. The witches are no showed as witches but as nurses with masks and black framed glasses. Not only are they shown as nurses (witches) but they are kitchen staff, serving women and cleaning maids too. Also throughout the movie the witches are roaming around in the background of pretty much every scene. It gives a feeling that they are there constantly to ensure the MacBeth and his wife, Lady MacBeth, fulfill their tasks that needed to be done. There are several diffrences between the play and the movie but the main diffrence is the setting of the two. In the movie by Rupert Goold the setting of the ‘’play’’ is in the 1900’s when World War II was taking place. MacBeth and all the other characters are in a Nazi-based area. Where as in the play originally created by William Shakespeare, it is taken place in the olden days, way long ago where it is taken place in a castle with kings and such. Another great diffrence inbetween the two are the weapons used. In the riginal play the main weapons are swords and sheilds and daggers and so on, where as in Goold’s movie the weapons are semi-automatic machine guns, bombs and more new-age weapons. A major scene diffrence in the movie from the play is when the 3 murderers go out to kill Banquo and his son. Instead of Banquo and his son on a horse strolling, they are in a train cabin. In the play the three murderers are Caithness, Angus and MacBeth where as in the play thew three murderers are Caithness, Angus and Lennox instead of MacBeth.

Viewpoints of the Great Carajas Project

The main two types of people involved in the Great Carajas Project are the CVRD ( A company which owned mines) and the Garimperos. Garimperos are the illegal miners or free lance miners. They mine for gold and are forbidden to mine in the Carajas area. The Garimperos come from all over Brazil and usually mine for Gold. They are annoyed with the government because they feel that they have the right to mine in the area as well. If a Garimpero is caught mining where they shouldn't be, security guards will hunt them down and confiscate their gold. In Serra Pelada 80,000 Garimperos invaded a Gold mine and took it over. They were extracting around $200 million annually but although they were making good money, they are damaging the environment and working in a very unsafe manor. They are using mercury to separate the gold and this mercury was then getting into rivers and contaminating/poisoning them and various food chains. They also burn the mercury which gave off toxic gas and the safety in the mining pits was appalling; there were regular rock falls and some miners are killed. In January 1986, Riot police were ordered into the mines to force the Garimperos out. A miner was killed by accident when a policeman intended to shoot a bullet in the air but shot too soon and killed the miner. Soon after, the mine was shut down but the company re-opened it and increased safety levels by using bulldozers. The CVRD were confident that they would make lots of money and they were very strict about the area; check posts were set up to ensure that only people involved with the mines/CVRD were allowed to enter and all cars were searched, only allowing people to enter who had a permit. The government were in control of the project and showed interest because of the investment being made. The project had an annual income of $700 million. The company are licensed to run the project, unlike the Garimperos. The companies are looked upon as being sufficient but inhumane and the Garimperos are seen as trying to fend for themselves but obliviously harming the environment and putting their own lives in danger. Local tribes who live in the forest called Amerindians are moved out of their settlements so that the CVRD can expand the mining areas. The CVRD destroy their living area and when the Amerindians next settle they are still weary of having to move again. In My opinion I think that both Garimperos and the CVRD should be allowed to mine there. They should compromise as to who gets what land so that everyone is happy. I think that if this did happen the Government would have to do some serious thinking into safety regulations and the damaging of the environment.

CLK-1 Mutants and Aging essays

CLK-1 Mutants and Aging essays CLK-1 MUTANTS AND THEIR ROLE IN AGING Aging is a fact of life, it can be scary to watch yourself and those around you grow old. The idea of a mythical fountain of youth has enticed adventures from around the world for centuries. The idea has enchanted me since I had a conversation with my grandmother in which she stressed that the only thing that mattered in life at her age was health. So what causes the body to wither with age and is there anything that we can do to prolong the inevitable? There are many different causes of aging, all of which result in a decline in the bodies ability to function properly. Recent research has come up with several different ways to combat some of the major causes of the physical degeneration that is associated with growing old. Studies of long-lived mutant worms, yeast, and mice are useful tools in examining the processes that are involved in limiting/expanding the life span of organisms. Some of the most intriguing gene mutations known to increase life span are the daf-2, clk-1, and isp-1 which deal with the regulation and control of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). ROSs consist of molecules such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals, which cause extensive damage to biological macromolecules. This leads not only to many serious diseases, but also plays an important role in aging. The main source of ROS is in the mitochondria, where superoxide is produced during the process of electron transport and can give rise to other reactive species through reactions with detoxifying enzymes (1). More specifically is the production of ROS involved in processes dealing with the reduction and subsequent oxidation of the redox-active lipid Ubiquinone (UQ). Understanding the role that UQ plays in the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) helps to understand the complexity of ROS formation. The ETC consists of fou ...

Write a critical review of a journal article Essay

Write a critical review of a journal article - Essay Example In depth studies are being undertaken due to the different contributing factors to the onset of such disabilities specifically the genetic factors, the environmental factors and the social factors. Due to the extensive number of variables needed to be considered there is also the problem of lack of baseline data that can be used for comparative analysis of studies undertaken. There are different factors covered in the study such as the causes of developmental disabilities, challenges in the research process, clinical study of toxic elements known to affect the neurodevelopment such as lead, mercury, manganese, polychlorinated biphenyls, flame retardants, pesticides, nicotine, and alcohol and other solvents. Upon analysis of the article by Schettler, it can be considered that the study is more of a library based research since the data are presented on a textual manner. It can be considered qualitative in nature based on the same reason that the topics discussed are presented in paragraph form and there are no tabulated data. According to the determination of the source of the article, it had been known that it is a derivation from another article written by the author, thus, compared to the reference article, this one can be considered as an abridged or shorter form. On a reader’s perspective, the article was able to present a general point regarding the importance of an in depth study on the factors affecting the different types of neurological disabilities but if one is interested in an in depth determination of the factors and their specific mechanisms, it is important to have a more quantitative presentation of the data. In relation to the fact that the article is based on a nother article, the data presented cannot be considered as first hand although it is written by the same author. The fact that the data in this article is only based on the article which discussed the toxic threats in child development,

Compair the Matrix, Cathedral, and Billy Slaughterhouse 5 to the one Essay

Compair the Matrix, Cathedral, and Billy Slaughterhouse 5 to the one who ascends from in The Allegory of the Cave - Essay Example On the hand, the blind man’s view of life comes from an open perspective and he is ready to learn new things about life (Carver, 2002). The narrators view on blindness (life), changes when the blind man asks him to describe the cathedral for him. When he lacks words to do this, he is forced to show him by drawing, by catching his hand. Communication through symbolism helps him to understand the world through the blind man’s point of view. The blindness that separated them at the beginning brings them together. This is achieved through seeing the world from others perspective. Slaughter house- five basically explores the illogical nature of human beings, free will and fate. This book explores the concept that we are powerless and can do only what we can actually do. Billy Pilgrim is an anti-war character, who trains as a chaplain assistant, earning him disgust from his friends. Despite being the main character of the book, he gets on the nerves of everyone because of his dreams, weak body and fecklessness. He still manages to survive one of the main human atrocities, where others have failed. Nothing in Billy’s life happens out of his own will, but he watches as his life unfolds in front of him for example he is recruited to the war without his consent and gets married to a woman he does not love. In most of the novel, his character is not one the narrator could call a â€Å"character†, and only does so when he becomes â€Å"crazy† and breaks out of hospital to a radio talk show to tell about â€Å"Tralfamadore†. This is a place where he was abducted to by aliens, and this could either be in his head or reality. Events in this place take place simultaneously, so nothing happens before or after the other. In this situation, a person can choose only the good memories of life. Some can argue that the events in his life are due to the post traumatic disorder he has suffered in his life. We all can agree that human life invol ves suffering, and in his case, this seemed to be happening a lot. The old ways of explaining this suffering; religion and patriotism, do not seem to work. In the end, Billy awaits death without fear and is in control, something he was not able to do throughout his life. He ends up being the most unlikely war heroes. In Matrix the movie, Thomas Anderson, is one of the many billions of people connected to the Matrix unaware that they live in a virtual world. Despite being a respectable programmer for a software company, he is also a hacker with an alias†Neo†. This is when he gets to know about the Matrix. He has a choice to forget all about it and live his normal life, or gather information on the Matrix. Neo chooses to liberate humanity from the virtual fate, and there begins his journey to enlighten and being a hero. This is despite warnings from those who know the truth. He embraces his role and even learns fighting skills quite first, in the journey of being savior of the universe, where he gets his other name, â€Å"the one†. This is when we start to see his messianic like qualities and belief from other characters such as Morpheus and the Oracle, towards human liberation. There are several similarities between this character and Jesus Christ, for example Jesus was both earthly and godly, which can be compared to Neo’s ability to go through realms. The name Thomas can also be compared to doubting Thomas in the New Testament, who doubted the resurrection of Christ. Similarly, Neo doubted his abilities at

Maintaining financial recorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Maintaining financial recorder - Essay Example All business require tangible fixed assets which are defined by IAS 16 as â€Å"tangible items that a) are held for use in the production or supply of goods or services for rental to others or for administrative purposes and b) are expected to be used during more than one period† (IASB 2008). Typically these include land, building, office, fixtures and fittings etc. which are deemed necessary to operate and carry out different activities. The fixed assets are for long term and their acquisition involves large amounts of funds which companies need to raise either through internal equity or by borrowing from financial institutions. Therefore, the authorization of the purchase of fixed assets requires delegation of authority to individuals who may be involved in maintaining fixed asset system or overlooking the entire purchase process. The procedures for the authorizing individuals of the purchase of fixed assets should be part of the company’s policy that should clearly s et out the positions and authority levels of individuals who can direct purchase of fixed assets. The delegation of authority depends upon the structure of the company and also relies on the nature of the business that the company is operating in. Capital expenditures which are beyond limits of individuals at departmental levels have to be authorized by the higher management. In addition to tangible fixed assets there are also intangible assets which include goodwill, brand, trademarks, copyrights which are purchase and authorize Asset acquisition typically initiates from the departmental manager assessment of the requirements of his / her department in terms of fixed assets to be purchased. These involve either purchase of a new asset or replace an existing one. The authorization of departmental managers is assigned and managed according to the price level of fixed assets that could be ordered. Departmental managers can authorize purchase of fixed assets

Credit Cards vs Debit Cards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Credit Cards vs Debit Cards - Essay Example Paying the credit card expenses within the billing period offers the user an opportunity to pay the money without interest. The disadvantage is that the interests pile up rapidly in case the money spent is not paid within the billing period. When used responsibly, credit cards can be of great help as they help the user build credit, which can eventually result in rewards and gifts. This paper focuses on effects that credit and debit cards has, how it can put you far in debt and how it impacts your credit. The advantage of having a debit card is that you can use it to shop in various places all over the world. Additionally, most ATM cards are pre-set such that they can provide debit option thus there is no need for cardholders to carry money around. On the other hand, credit card use entails purchasing good after which you sign or provide you credit card pin number as an assurance that you will pay the debt later (Nelson, Nelson, & Stroup, 2012). Most people prefer using debit cards t o credit card arguing that using debit cards prevents one from over expenditure since it makes one feel like you are using cash payments. The fact that debit cards are connected to a checking account enables the users limit purchases and only buys items that they can afford to pay for at the moment. Additionally, most establishments that offer debit cards do not have any charges for any transactions. On the other hand, credit cards holders have to pay quite a high interest if they fail to pay the bills in time in addition to card charges (Nelson, Nelson, & Stroup, 2012; Carbo-Valverde, et al., 2007). An advantage that credit cards have over debit card is that payments for goods purchased using credit card can be withheld till the buyer is satisfied that the quality of the product is satisfactory. On the contrary, sellers make instant deductions for goods purchased using debit cards. The Fair Credit Billing Act supports such action since it posits that the purchaser has no liability for fraudulent transactions and for goods, whose quality is unsatisfactory or undelivered services. This applies for any disputable purchases. This gives credit card holders protection against deceitful merchants or service providers or in case of theft (Basel, 2006). One disadvantage of being a debit cardholder is that, in case of debit card theft, you may have to pay for all purchase transactions done using your card, which may include overdrafts particularly if you fail to realize and notify your bank in a period of 60 days. Debit cards thus have restricted consumer protection as compared to credit cards. While doing online or over the phone purchases, credit cards are the preferable option since they offer protection to the user thus helps take care of any misadventure (Directgov, 2012), Credit card users have an opportunity to build a proper credit by ensuring punctual bill payment. Good credit history is important and can help in securing loans, insurance, or in getting a job. Loans borrowed by individuals with a good credit history have a lower interest rate as compared to those for persons with unsuitable or no credit history. Additionally, some credit card offer incentives that card holders can use to obtain gifts as well as get discounts (Barrett, 2009). Debit cards provide for overdrafts, which must be made at a specified period. However, it is advantageous in that the interest rates for such

Recognising Children at Risk (Child Protection) | Case Study

Recognising Children at Risk (Child Protection) | Case Study A given scenario on Recognising Children at Risk (Child Protection). The essay should be based on a given scenario, which has been divided into three sections with question prompts at the end of each section which should assist the essays focus. Section One Stephen and Eileen have been together for seven years and have two children aged five and eleven months. Eileen also has a daughter aged ten from a previous relationship. The family seemed to function quite well until Stephen lost his job a year ago. He has been unable to find other employment and has been drinking heavily, this means that the family have financial worries and this impacts on family relationships. Eileen has recently found a part-time job and leaves the baby with Stephen. In light of his drinking problems, his being left in sole charge of a very young child would, in itself, be an area for concern. The neighbour’s concern was justified with regard to children she was used to seeing on a regular basis. Both the teacher and the school nurse have concerns with regard to the children’s wellbeing. The rows and screaming that the woman overheard tend to suggest that there is violence in the home and it is well documented that this has a deleterious effect on children and their behaviour. The police referred the neighbour’s concerns over the Drake/Harris family and it thus warrants an initial assessment, which should take place within seven days of the original referral. An initial assessment would involve the social worker visiting the family home and seeking permission to speak with staff at the school, the Health Visitor , and the family’s G.P. as well as the family themselves. This might also involve a request for the children to be examined by the family doctor and a report made for Social Services. There would need to be some kind of assessment as to the extent of violence in the family and how that is affecting the family’s wellbeing. It is often a good idea to see how the children respond to questions regarding what has been happening at home recently. At the same time the Social Worker might want to establish that the family are receiving all the benefits they are entitled to while the man is unemployed. I think it would also be appropria te that if the mother is to continue working then alternative arrangements need to be made for the baby’s care while she is at work. Once these initial elements are addressed then a multi-agency case conference needs to be convened in order to assess what might be the best way forward for the whole family. This would usually consist of the Social Worker his/her immediate superior, someone from the child protection scheme, the police (as the referral was made by them) teacher, health visitor and the parents. Eileen denies that her partner inflicted the bruising noted on her arms and legs and insists that she fell down the stairs. This is a common response by women subjected to domestic violence. The father has a problem with alcohol and is also known to indulge in violent outbursts and this raises serious concerns as to whether he is a suitable person to be left in charge of an eleven month old baby. Clearly the family is in need of further support under the terms of the 1989 Act and a full multi-agency assessment of those needs is required. Stephen sees this as interfering and insists that his only problems are lack of work and money. Eileen is more compliant and agrees to visit the GP with the children. Although the GP has few concerns with regard to the children’s wellbeing other than the fact that they have lost some weight and the baby is not gaining weight at the rate expected, there are some concerns that Eileen might be suffering from depression. Staff at the school report that there are some concerns over the children’s behaviour which has altered considerably over the past few months. Jack in particular has been displaying behaviour that is normally associated with a two or three year old, doing anything to attract attention. This was also noted at the initial assessment when Jack was jumping all over the place. His reception class teacher also reported that she had noticed a lack of concentration in class. Cathy and Jack were clearly unhappy with the situation at home and with any attempt to question them about what was happening. It might be that they were simply trying to protect their parent’s privacy but Cathy’s reluctance to talk about the b ruises she received and what has been going on raises concerns as to whether Stephen’s violence is restricted to their mother or whether it extends to the children. It is also of concern that a previously lively ten year old should now be withdrawn. This kind of withdrawal is a common occurrence among children who witness violence in the home and those who have worked with children witnessing domestic violence (Abbott Wallace, 1997). Section Two A week after the initial visit the Health Visitor has reported that she has some concerns over the baby’s health and is also concerned for Eileen who has just discovered that she is pregnant with a fourth child and has bruising to her face. Eileen has admitted to the Health Visitor that Stephen hit her during a row over money she agrees to again visit the GP with Lucy. The doctor did not examine Eileen but noted that the baby Lucy had some bruising on her arm which her mother said had been caused by her brother Jack throwing a toy. This is new information and actually requires a further assessment of the family’s needs. Agencies, both statutory and non-statutory, have a duty with respect to safeguarding children. This was highlighted in research evidence (1995) and further documented in the Department of Health 1999 Report Working together to safeguard children. Guidance has tended to be clearer and more prà ©cised in accordance with Lord Laming’s recommendation s over the Victoria Climbie enquiry (Laming, 2003). A whole series of measures have since been put in place to target families such as the Drake/Harris’s. The Joint Chief Inspector’s Report, Safeguarding children (2002) defines safeguarding children and their families in the following way: All agencies working with children, young people and their families take all reasonable measures to ensure that the risks of harm to children’s welfare are minimized, and where there are concerns about children and young people’s welfare, all agencies take all appropriate action to address those concerns, working to agreed local policies and procedures in full partnership with other local agencies. Under section 17 of the 1989 Children’s Act the authority has a duty to treat the Drake/Harris children as children in need. This means that the family will need some service provision in order to ease the immediate strain and to give better prospects for the children’s emotional, physical and social development. Eileen has admitted to having suffered violence at the hands of her partner and is now concerned because she is pregnant with another child. The Health Visitor suggests a termination but as yet it is not clear whether Eileen is going to take this route. While there is no immediate reason to suspect that Lucy is being ill treated there is some concern that she is left in the care of her father for two afternoons a week while her mother is working. It is recommended that alternative care be found for Lucy. Under Section 18 (1) of the 1989 Act it may be possible to arrange nursery care for those afternoons.[1] At the present time there are a number of concerns associated with this family. The concern for Lucy has already been expressed and although it is not clear that either her or the other two children have suffered violence they are certainly affected by the situation. In view of this, and the husband’s resistance to outsider involvement it may be necessary to apply to the Courts for a Child Assessment Order. It seems fairly clear that the family does need some support during this crisis and that without such support the children will be at risk of harm due to a number of factors.The family circumstances i.e. unemployed father and significant financial problems, indicate that the children’s development (even without domestic violence) is liable to suffer. Sidebotham, et al’s (2002) study of parents and children and children on the At Risk Register, found that in homes where there was unemployment and financial deprivation children ran a greater risk of being abused . The researchers found a clear link between social and economic deprivation and the risk of abuse. The Health Visitor phones the next week and explains that Eileen came into the surgery that morning in a terrible state as she thinks she is pregnant again. The health visitor noticed that baby Lucy appeared unwell again, with a bad cold and problems breathing and that there was bruising on the left side of Eileen’s face and over her right shoulder. When the HV asked her about the bruising, Eileen admitted that Stephen had hit her during a row the night before. She claimed that Stephen had been full of remorse and promised to make amends and did not want the HV to tell anyone else about it. Eileen was still worried about how he would take the news that she is pregnant again. The Health Visitor had advised Eileen about the possibilities of a termination of the pregnancy and suggested that she make an appointment to discuss this with the GP and to check her injuries and Lucy’s chest and breathing, which seemed poor. On checking with the GP after surgery this morning the H V has discovered that he only examined Lucy and gave a prescription for medication for her cold and severe nappy rash. Eileen’s own injuries and her possible pregnancy were not discussed. The Doctor however did also notice bruising on the baby, which the mother told him had been caused by Jack, her brother, throwing a toy. The second assessment was decided over the telephone by several representatives. The family receive another visit and this time the social worker is joined by the Child Protection Officer injuries to Lucy are again questioned. Steven admitted to striking Eileen while she was holding the baby and the team decided that the injuries to Lucy were non-accidental. Concern was also expressed over her significant weight loss. Section Three Gardner (2002) in a study undertaken for the NSPCC found that support services could be of significant help under these circumstances and that 58% of children considered to be at risk, and had access to support services, showed significant improvement in their development after these measures were put in place. In 2001 the Government commissioned the Children in Need Census[2] which attempted to establish why children accessed children in need services, what type of provision they accessed and the costs associated with that provision. The Drake/Harris children are further at risk due to Stephen’s alcohol abuse. Harwin and Forester (2002) found that in cases where the parents misused drugs or alcohol, the children often came to the attention of Social Services as a result of concern for their safety and well being. Over 290 cases across four London Boroughs, showed that a third of those requiring long term intervention had parents with some form of substance misuse. This caused concern in a number of areas, particularly where there were children under the age of six. In the present case two of the children, Jack aged 5 and Lucy aged 11 months should be assessed as potentially being at considerable risk. It would seem that there is sufficient concern that a core assessment might be suggested at the inter-agency case conference as there is some evidence to suggest that a deeper and more comprehensive evaluation of both the family circumstances and their needs should be carried out. It is not clear how Cathy’s injuries were received and perhaps a Child Protection Plan might be considered at the Child Protection conference. The most immediate threat, the father, has agreed to leave the house for a week. This negates the need for a care order to remove the children to a place of safety. He should receive some advice and support on how to handle his drinking. It might also be appropriate to suggest anger management. However, the father is expected to return and there is therefore a need to place all three children on the child protection register. It would seem appropriate for both Jack and Cathy to be placed on the register under two categories, emotional abuse (due to domestic violence) and physical abuse, although in Jack’s case there is no evidence and in Cathy’s case the evidence as to how she received the injuries is unclear this is still a cause for concern. Lucy is the child that raises the most concern and it would seem appropriate that she be registered under three categories, emotional abuse, physical abuse and neglect. This last is due to her significant weight loss, coupled with nappy rash which should have been seen by a doctor before the referral. Sometimes when domestic violence is an issue children become neglected because the mother is so engrossed with dealing with the violence and her own feelings that she does not always take sufficient notice of what is happening to her children (Dobash and Dobash, 1992). It might also be helpful if the family were assigned a regular family support worker who could keep an eye on the children’s development and lend support with baby until the mother was feeling better. She also needs to be given information regarding refuges and domestic violence issues in case the husband returns and is again violent. All of the above could be problematic, many families are frightened when they hear about the child protection register and think that children remain on it. The mother would need to be reassured that when a suitable time has elapsed and the team are convinced the children are no longer at risk then they can be de-registered. Whether the father will agree to alcohol counseling and anger management is not known at this moment and if he refuses this could become quite problematic. It is for this reason that it seems appropriate to give the mother advice over what she can do to avoid the same scenario. The parenting support might also be objected but, if necessary, this can be enforced by a court order. The school would need to be informed as to the progress of the family. The Health Visitor should continue visiting regularly and report any problem areas to the GP and to the social worker. If the father is compliant and either stays out of the family home or obtains the help outlined above then there should be no need for further police involvement or for a care order to be requested. I can see no areas where there might be conflict between the various agencies with regard to this protection plan. Bibliography Abbott and Wallace (1997) An Introduction to Sociology, Feminist Perspectives Routledge, London. Department of Health (1999) Working Together to Safeguard Children: A guide to inter-agency working to safeguard and promote the welfare of children HMSO. Department of Health (2000) Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families The Stationary office. Department of Health (2000) Assessing Children in Need and their Families The Stationary Office Dobash, R and Dobash, R (1992) Women, Violence Social Change, Routledge, London New York Gardner, R. 2002 Supporting Families: L Child Protection in the Community Chichester Valley Harwin J. and Forester, D. 2002 Parental Substance Misuse and Child Welfare: A study of social work with families in which parents misuse drugs or alcohol Department of Health Sidebotham, P. et al â€Å"Children at Risk of maltreatment in Children of the Nineties: deprivation, class and social networks in a UK sample† Child Abuse 26 (12) pp 1243-1259 Wilson, K. and James, A. (Eds) (1995) The Child Protection Handbook, Bailliere Tindall. 1 [1] http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1989/Ukpga_19890041_en_6.htm#mdiv43 Crown Copyright [2] http://www.dfes.gov.uk/publications/childrenactreport/docs/DfES-Childrens Act.pdf